Articles Posted in Creditor Harassment and FDCPA

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Useful information can be obtained from the Consent Orders relating to improper debt collection activities obtained by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.  Recent orders applicable to Fred Hanna, Encore Capital Group, Inc., Midland Funding, LLC, Midland Credit Management, Inc., Asset Acceptance Capital Corp., PRA, LLC, Porfolio Recovery Associates, Chase Bankcard Services, Santander Bank, N.A., Solomon & Solomon P.C., Westlake and Wilshire etc. can be found here on the CFPB site. (searchable filters).

Debt collectors are not permitted to provide false or deceptive information to you in their attempts to collect a debt.  This may include the things they can do to you if you do not pay (such as take your home, sue you etc.).  This may include who they are affiliated with.  We are evaluating a case right now where the debt collector is private company.  But they’ve told my client that they are the Department of Education.  This is contrary to their website which we noted states no affiliation with the DOE.  Basically, our marching orders are if what they say is not the whole truth and nothing but the truth, they run the risk of violating the law.  This means if they try to explain your options, but leave perhaps the best one out – this would be a violation of the FDCPA, FCCPA and perhaps even unlicensed practice of law.  All these consumer law violations give us excellent leverage to negotiate lower balances, better payment plans and sometimes even a write off of the entire debt.

This applies to all consumer debt.  Auto finance, second mortgages, credit cards, signature loans and best of all student loan debt.  When we are hired to settle any kind of debt we first take the time to educate our client on their consumer rights, what kinds of behavior can lead to violations and we have them document any phone calls they are receiving.  Then we use all this to settle the debt.

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expiredIf a creditor waits too long to sue, the creditor can be barred from ever bringing suit.  The purpose of having a statute of limitations is so that lawsuits are brought when the matter is still fresh:  before documents are destroyed and memories fade.  If they can no longer bring a lawsuit, then there is no way to legally enforce the debt.  Each state has their own laws as to how long the statute of limitations is and it varies tremendously by state and also by the type of action.  In Florida, the statute lasts five years for a written contract and four years for a credit card account.  While this seems simple, it is often amazingly difficult for a lay person to analyze because a contract may provide that a different state law applies, even a state that neither party has anything to do with.  The answer may also vary depending upon whether it is a procedural or substantive question of law or how complete the writing was.  The Florida Statute of Limitations on this is contained in Section 95.11:

Actions other than for recovery of real property shall be commenced as follows:

(2) Within five years.–

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cell phone in hand  Our Tampa Bay area clients are still in good shape under the recent court and FCC rulings under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA).  Oral revocation is alive and well in Florida (although it’s always good to follow up in writing that you’ve asked a debt collector to stop calling your cell phone).  Many other favorable rulings have come out in the past couple years some of which are now being appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court by various debt collectors and creditors.

A number of federal district courts have recently stayed TCPA cases pending the outcome of Supreme Court proceedings in Robins v. Spokeo, Inc. and Campbell-Ewald Co. v. Gomez, and the outcome of petitions seeking review of the FCC’s July 10, 2015 Declaratory Ruling and Order (“FCC Order”) that are currently pending before the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. See ACA Int’l, et al. v. F.C.C., No. 15-1211 (D.C. Cir. 2015).

On April 27, 2015 the Supreme Court granted certiorari in Robins v. Spokeo, Inc. to address whether “a plaintiff who suffers no concrete harm, and who therefore could not otherwise invoke the jurisdiction of a federal court” can bring a private right of action based solely on a technical violation of a federal statute. 742 F.3d 409 (9th Cir. 2014) cert granted, 135 S. Ct. 1892 (2015).

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Communications with a homeowner when a debt collector is aware that the homeowner is represented by counsel is a violation of the FDCPA.  15 U.S.C. 1692c(a)(2).  This includes any mortgage servicer who has acquired a defaulted mortgage loan.  It is also a violation of our Florida Consumer Collection Practices Act (“FCCPA”).

Furthermore, if the mortgage servicer is calling you constantly, take a moment and take one of their calls:  tell them to stop calling your cell phone.  This invokes protection under the TCPA (Telephone Consumer Protection Act).  This protection from continued cell phone harassment can result in significant statutory damages of $500-$1500 per call.

Our Tampa, Florida law office, Arkovich Law, pursues violations of the FDCPA, FCCPA and TCPA for our clients who are delinquent in their mortgage or who have debt that is no longer enforceable such as when the statute of limitations has expired or a bankruptcy is filed.

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Last week on January 20, 2016, in Campbell-Ewald Co. v. Gomez, ___ U.S. ___, 2016 WL 22835 (Jan. 20, 2016), the Supreme Court issued several important rulings in a TCPA class action.  These rulings will help consumers in cases where they are receiving unwanted text messages; being contacted by various parties seeking to collect a debt and debt collection by federal contractors.

  • “A text message to a cellular telephone … qualifies as a “call” within the compass of” the TCPA’s prohibition against autodialed or prerecorded calls to cell phones without the consumer’s prior express consent.
  • A defendant can be liable for another’s TCPA violations based on common law principles of agency.
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The FTC guidelines state that credit reports can include debts discharged in bankruptcy so long as they’re reported as discharged with a zero balance. 16 C.F.R. 600 app. § 607(b)(6). See also Schueller 559 Fed.Appx. at 737; Horsch, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 37476, 2015 WL 1344836, at *10. The only guidance on this at all close comes from the Federal Trade Commission regulation. It states, “A consumer report may include an account that was discharged in bankruptcy (as well as the bankruptcy itself), as long as it reports a zero balance due to reflect the fact that the consumer is no longer liable for the discharged debt.” 16 C.F.R. 600 app. 607(b)(6)(2010).

For more information about how a bankruptcy filing will affect you, please contact us at Arkovich Law

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The Southern District of Florida just ruled on a Motion to Dismiss on October 13, 2015 in a TCPA case that more is necessary to properly allege a TCPA case.  The Court stated:  the Plaintiff cannot plead, in blanket terms, that she is entitled to statutory damages for each and every violation”, yet not plead the number of calls, when the calls occurred, and/or the content of the calls received.  The Court ruled that blanket non-specific allegations do not place the Defendant on notice as to the claims that are being brought against it.  Case dismissed unless the consumer has more information and can amend their complaint to state some specifics.

Don’t count on relying upon getting records at some later date from your cell phone provider.  Cell phone records from a cell phone provider are sometimes only retained for a few months, often do not record unanswered calls, and lastly are not available unless you can subpoena them (but you first have to survive a motion to dismiss by having specifics of some calls).  So keep a handwritten log.  Take screen shots.  Save voice messages.

While we do not need the date and time of every call, it is clear that we need to allege some dates, some times and the content of the calls whenever possible.  We ask our clients to log date and time of as many calls as possible and make a written record or note of any calls where the request to stop calling the cell phone are made.  We ask our clients to revoke consent multiple times and multiple ways (phone, fax, U.S. mail).

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do not call.jpgIn Florida, the right to revoke calls to a consumer’s cell phone is alive and well. Debt collectors who continue to call these cell phones after being told not to are exposing their companies to damages of up to $1,500 per call. That adds up quick.

So don’t just ignore or block the calls. Take a call. See who it is. Write down who it is, and tell them not to call your cell phone again. Write that down along with the date and time of the call. Then keep a log of calls or take screen shots of continued calls. You don’t have to answer them all. Just the fact they are continuing to call is good enough. The good creditors will follow the law and stop calling. Problem fixed. For the ones that keep calling and ignore your directive not to call their cell phone, we’d like the opportunity to go after them.

Here’s some current law on the right to revoke consent to call (I recommend telling them not to call and writing down the date and time and who you spoke to — even if you didn’t give them permission to call in the first place).

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debtfreetoday.jpgBankruptcy filings are down substantially in 2014 to only 910,090 which is the lowest number since 2007. Yet at the same time, people are still losing their homes especially in Florida, wages are flat or down and the cost of living continues to rise other than gas which isn’t too bad).

So why are the bankruptcy filings down? Well in some areas, the economy is picking up. Interest rates to carry debt remain low. But overall, I think some of this has to do with the fact that people cannot even afford to file. Many folks in the Tampa Bay area come to us to file when they receive a tax refund – but this year, many people had their tax refund intercepted due to defaulted federal student loans.

There is a way to file bankruptcy on the creditor’s dime that no one really talks much about: talking to an attorney about pursuing debt collection violations. Not all bankruptcy attorneys do this, so you need to talk with someone who actually sues for creditor violations plus files bankruptcy.

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The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) recently fined DriveTime Automotive Group, Inc. $8 million for harming customers for making harassing debt collection calls and providing inaccurate credit information to credit reporting agencies. Such a large fine underscores the importance of the consumer protection laws such as the FDCPA, the FCCPA for Florida consumers and the TCPA for cell phone calls.

These consumer statutes basically allow private attorneys to sue creditors on behalf of their clients and obtain both statutory damages and attorney’s fees. Without that, no one would be able to financially afford to challenge creditor violations.

So what were the most common violations by DriveTime that the CFPB found?

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